cover image Shakespeare's Language

Shakespeare's Language

Frank Kermode. Farrar Straus Giroux, $30 (256pp) ISBN 978-0-374-22636-7

Pleasure is not usually associated with reading literary criticism, but this work of beauty and grace by one of our most distinguished critics is in no way typical textual analysis. Aiming less at specialists than at ""a non-professional audience with an interest in Shakespeare that has not... been well served by modern critics,"" Kermode writes from a conviction that ""every other aspect of Shakespeare is studied almost to death, but the fact that he was a poet has somehow dropped out of consideration."" Kermode's thesis is both basic and subtle: around 1600, he argues, the Bard's already masterful works ""moved up to a new level of achievement and difficulty""; Kermode associates a ""turning point"" with Hamlet and the poem ""The Phoenix and the Turtle."" In proof of this, he demonstrates certain linguistic ""matrices"" that become ""fundamental to Shakespeare's procedures"" and identifies passages that represent a new linguistic ""suppleness"" and ""muscularity."" He devotes particular attention to the four great tragedies written at the height of Shakespeare's powers: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth. While Kermode's concern is with the Bard's verse, he betrays no simplistic notions about literary language operating in a vacuum. A careful, close analysis of passages in each play is informed by a breathtaking knowledge of Elizabethan history and culture, as well as by the entire history of Shakespeare criticism from Coleridge to Eliot and the new historicists. Kermode's volume succeeds in doing the two things a great work of literary criticism should: it makes us want to read and reread the original texts in light of the critic's findings, and it makes us wonder how the literary world has been getting along without this work for so long. (June)