cover image The Fox and the Whirlwind: General George Crook and Geronimo, a Paired Biography

The Fox and the Whirlwind: General George Crook and Geronimo, a Paired Biography

Peter Aleshire. John Wiley & Sons, $35 (384pp) ISBN 978-0-471-32575-8

Aleshire (professor of American Studies at Arizona State University and author of Reaping the Whirlwind) seeks to replicate the format of Stephen E. Ambrose's 1975 Crazy Horse and Custer in a ""paired biography"" of two warriors of the 19th-century American Southwest: U.S. Gen. George Crook and Apache leader Geronimo, who waged a battle of wits and wills for 15 years. If their culture and characters were different, still they came to understand each other both as men and as representatives of their respective value systems. Aleshire's Crook is an archetypal American: a common-sense intellectual who doesn't hesitate to act on his convictions. Understanding the culture of the Apache so well that he earned their nickname ""Grey Fox,"" Crook nevertheless regarded the tribe as doomed by a white advance whose legitimacy he did not question. His task was only to make conquest as complete--and as merciful and honorable--as possible. Tragically, Crook was so much outside his own system that he was unable to prevent the defeated Apaches' deportation to Florida. Aleshire's Geronimo is Crook's counterpoint. A shaman and a warrior, he was a whirlwind both to his people and to the Anglos and Mexicans who made him a symbol of terror. Though Geronimo vigorously defended his tribe at all costs, Aleshire suggests that the total defeat he eventually suffered was unavoidable. Giving a voice to each protagonist, Aleshire tells their stories by drawing on personal memoirs and government reports and dispatches. Although more conventional scholars might be disconcerted by his face value acceptance of Geronimo's claim to supernatural powers, Aleshire's approach works; presenting each culture on its own terms rather than simply inverting stereotypes and making the white man the true savage, he depicts a mortal combat between men of conviction, principle, and spiritual power. B&w photos, maps. (Mar.)