A Brief History of Motion: From the Wheel, to the Car, to What Comes Next

Journalist Standage (Writing on the Wall) delivers a brisk and entertaining history of personal transportation. Asserting that advances in transportation technology have helped shape society, Standage details how the shift from horse-drawn carriages to motor vehicles in the early 20th century was driven in part by health concerns over the “huge piles of manure” that built up near urban stables, and explains how the enthusiasm for cars reshaped U.S. cities and gave rise to the suburbs after WWII. But America’s car culture is changing as a result of climate change anxieties, urban growth, and the rise of electric vehicles and ride-hailing apps, according to Standage, who notes that “the number of miles driven per vehicle, and per person of driving age,” has been in decline since 2004. He sketches the environmental and geopolitical concerns associated with mining lithium and cobalt to make electric car batteries, and the technical problems faced by engineers trying to build a fully autonomous car. More immediately promising, in Standage’s view, are “mobility as a service” networks that allow people to access multiple modes of transport (bike rentals, buses, taxis) through a single app. Full of easy-to-understand history lessons and technical explanations, this is a well-informed look at how innovation, when properly guided, can pave the way to a brighter future. (Aug.)