Despite numerous branding efforts over the years, even mega-houses like Random House, St. Martin's and DK still aren't household names. Their travel lines, however—Fodor's, Let's Go and Eyewitness—are. In large measure, that's because travelers, unlike other readers, buy differently. "A lot of customers buy by brand," observes Candida Mannozzi, owner of Candida's World of Books, a one-year-old 1,000-sq.-ft. travel specialty store in Washington, D.C.'s Logan Circle neighborhood. "I carry a wide range of travel books, and I've noticed that there's a lot of brand loyalty." And there are many different types of travelers for Mannozzi and other booksellers to satisfy, from outdoorsy adventurers to families off for a weekend to business folk heading overseas.
"We have such an eclectic clientele," notes Sandye Wexler, co-owner of Chicago's The Savvy Traveller, which will celebrate its 20th anniversary in November. "There's no single guidebook series that stands out. So much depends on what's available for the customer's destination and the customer's style of travel. Overall, our top sellers are Lonely Planet, Rick Steves, Michelin, Frommer's, Fodor's, Blue Guides, DK, Moon Handbooks and Rough Guides. Footprint Handbooks are gaining a foothold in the marketplace as well." Her own tastes, she says, closely parallel those of her customers. "My personal favorites are the Michelin, Blue Guides and DK Eyewitness for background and sightseeing; Frommer's, Fodor's and Zagat for lodging and dining. I never travel with less than three guidebooks—and usually more."
What's in a Name?
As far as picking out one or two top-selling series, that's not a problem for Elaine Petrocelli, co-owner of Book Passage in Corte Madera and San Francisco, Calif. "Lonely Planet [whose U.S. offices are in nearby Oakland] is definitely our bestselling guidebook," she says. "They have an attitude, and you feel like you really have a guide with you. Of course, the other positive is that they have a guidebook to everywhere."
Across the country, at The Globe Corner Bookstores in Cambridge, Mass. (and on the Web at GlobeCorner.com), Lonely Planet has also supplanted other travel book series. "One reason," says Globe Corner president Pat Carrier, whose Lonely Planet sales went up 16% in 2004, "is their geographic coverage. There is no one close to them. The other factor is Lonely Planet has been very successful at extending their brand. They started for backpackers; they're now the mainstream publisher. When someone comes into our store, they may not buy a Lonely Planet guide, but they'll expect that there is one."
As far as destinations go, "South America continues to trend upward," says Carrier, "because it represents an alternative to Europe for U.S. travelers." However, he and other booksellers expressed surprise at the continued strength of European travel, especially given the current exchange rate, which at this writing was $1.3109 = 1 euro. Of course, it's too soon to predict what will happen to travel to Asia in the wake of the tsunami. But most travel book publishers, like Douglas Amerine at DK in London, who was in Asia when the tidal wave hit, are already at work on revising guides to India and Thailand, which have become popular destinations in recent years.
Pretty much anyplace hot works at this time of year for the 3,600-sq. ft. Little Professor Book Center in Fenton, Mich., 60 miles northwest of Detroit. Co-owner Laura Carpenter says the store does well with Florida destinations and cruises, as well as New York City guides. "It's probably a really close race for us between Fodor's and Frommer's," says Carpenter. "We usually have more than one option for each destination."
At 22-year-old general retailer Beaucoup Books in New Orleans, which has a strong selection of travel titles, the top five series are Lonely Planet, Eyewitness (especially for Europe), Fodor's, Frommer's and Rough Guides. Owner Mary Price Dunbar also singles out the Karen Brown Guides to inns and bed-and-breakfasts in Europe, North America and Mexico as "unique, steady sellers." Coming off her best year ever, Dunbar is readying the store for a move 15 blocks away. In the new location (opening February 1), Dunbar plans to experiment with shelving some travel books by brand. Inspired by the new look of Fodor's Gold Guides, she's going to group them together, along with the Karen Brown Guides, which are also sold by Random House.
Perhaps it's not surprising that Rick Steves is the "hands-down" favorite at Scott's Bookstore in Mount Vernon, Wash., given that he lives about 30 miles away, in Edmonds. "In addition to being local," says store manager Megan Scott O'Bryan, "our local PBS station runs his television shows weekly or daily. Rick's guides are my favorite. I like them because they're not Holiday Inn—traveling, but they're not so far off the beaten path that you can't get back."
O'Bryan also names Eyewitness as one of her top sellers, because of its many photographs and diagrams. For Joan Ripley, owner of Second Story Book Shop in Chappaqua, N.Y., part of the appeal of this illustrated series from DK is the fact that "you can enjoy the books afterward." When air travel took a hit in the wake of September 11, Ripley consolidated her travel section and kept three spinner racks—one for Eyewitness, one for Fodor's and one for Rough Guides. "We used to carry absolutely everything," says Ripley, who can fill customer requests for missing guidebooks overnight. Given her upscale customer base, one series from which she stocks just a single title is the student-oriented Let's Go; she carries Let's Go Europe."Travel books are something you really can sell more than one of to people," says Sydne Waller, buyer at Chapter 11 Books, which recently opened its 16th store in the Atlanta area. "The books don't overlap. When I was working in the store, I'd say get an Eyewitness to put in your suitcase and get a Rough Guide and put it in your backpack." For all the stores, Waller says, "I try to carry a broad selection of the common destinations—London, Paris, New York."
Flocking Together
During the holidays, Page One Bookstore in Albuquerque, N.Mex., made a commitment to try to get travelers to buy more than just maps and guidebooks. The travel section, which is in the back of the store, groups books by continent and country. Within those groupings, explains inventory manager Adrian Bee, "we're experimenting by mixing in fiction, travel adventure and the odd photography book and cookbook. We're also integrating the travel magazines." Although it's too soon to tell what kind of impact the reshelving will have on sales long term, Bee is optimistic. "I definitely think travel book sales are picking up," he tells PW. "People are feeling more confident about traveling."
Kathryn Henderson, owner of two-year-old Market Street Books & Maps in Chapel Hill, N.C., made an even more drastic renovation of her travel selection. She closed her travel-only bookstore, World Traveler Books & Maps, to set up a general bookstore with an emphasis on travel in the city's Southern Village neighborhood. Now she stocks fiction, nonfiction and children's books, as well as travel titles and maps.
Taking Off
It's not just Bee who sees travel book sales on the rise. According to PW's informal survey of booksellers and publishers, sales are definitely back. Granted, they're not at the halcyon pre—9/11 levels, but 2004 sales were up dramatically. At the same time, dire predictions made over the past few years that the Internet would make guidebooks obsolete have not come to pass, although the Internet does play an important role for booksellers and publishers.
"We're not quite back to the glory years," opines Globe Corner's Carrier. "But it's a lot better." Book Passage, too, reports strong sales. "People in our neighborhood feel travel is a necessity, not a luxury," says Petrocelli, adding that her store does lots of travel-book—related events—"People want to talk to an expert about trips they're planning." In addition, Book Passage helps train would-be experts via its annual Travel Writers and Photographers Conference (the 14th will be held in August). One former attendee, syndicated columnist Elliott Neal Hester, was inspired to write his first book, Plane Insanity: A Flight Attendant's Tales of Sex, Rage, and Queasiness at 30,000 Feet (St. Martin's, 2003), and is at work on a new one.
Things are looking up, too, on the publishing side. "We had a very good year," says Fodor's publisher Tim Jarrell. "Sales were up in the double digits." Avalon Travel Publishing experienced a 15% increase in sales last year, according to publisher Bill Newlin. And Lonely Planet, which marked the 20th anniversary of LP USA with a tour of independent bookstores last spring, also had an excellent year. In the words of v-p of marketing and business development Robin Goldberg, "People are realizing the value of a guidebook. We've had a record year, the best year we've ever had in the Americas."
To achieve strong sales and keep their brands fresh, travel book publishers continually need to reinvent their series. As Jarrell puts it, "Having a strong brand is enough to make someone reach for your book. But the actual sale is made in the bookstore, and the publisher's challenge is to deliver on that promise." To meet that challenge, Fodor's is revamping its Gold Guides. Starting last fall, with its 2005 releases, the covers of the publisher's flagship series began to look a little more, well, golden, with a yellow-orange cover and spine that more closely resembles 24-karat gold. The books are also being printed on higher-quality paper to give them a richer feel.
Net News and Makeovers
While the Internet has not supplanted books, many travel book publishers view their Web sites as an integral part of their marketing efforts. "I feel strongly that people will continue to use books," says Jarrell, adding that the company "will be making more changes in our Fodors.com site throughout the year. We want the Web site and the books to go together." For him, this is just one more way to freshen the Fodor's brand, which he describes as geared to people with "limited means," as opposed to budget travelers. "They may want a good meal; they may want a good hotel to get the most out of their trip. We cover destinations that most people want to go to," says Jarrell.
When it come to the Internet, Lonely Planet may be the publisher to beat. Its site (www.LonelyPlanet.com) has won Webbies in each of the past three years and, when the tsunami hit, the company immediately added threads for reporting missing people and found people on its Thorn Tree Web forum. For Goldberg, however, what distinguishes the Lonely Planet brand is the commitment to "the Lonely Planet way" throughout the organization. "It's our absolute authority in travel and our attitude—tell it like it is and have fun with it," she says. Lonely Planet updates most of its guidebooks every other year, although those to out-of-the-way places, such as the newly released guide to East Timor, which was published in November, are on a three-year schedule.
Updating is an important component of DK's Eyewitness brand. According to Amrine, there are 25 destinations that get updated every year—including New York, London and Paris—and another 30 that are revised every other year. Like Lonely Planet, less popular destinations, such as Warsaw and Sardinia, are reissued every three years. But the thrust of the guides remains the same: the marrying of photos and text.
Last year, DK introduced a new typeface for its Eyewitness Guides. This year, the biggest change in its travel book program involves marketing. "I completely overhauled the look of the ads, which we tested last June in the New Yorker," says director of marketing Carl Raymond. The campaign, which will run in Travel & Leisure,acknowledges that while everyone experiences travel differently, they can still enjoy DK guides: "Eyewitness Travel Guides, See It Our Way."
Connecting Flights
While Lonely Planet, Eyewitness and Fodor's target worldwide travelers, many brands are more tightly focused. For example, the London-based Time Out Guides, which evolved from the arts and entertainment Time Out magazines for London and New York City, concentrate primarily on trips to urban destinations. That changed earlier this month, however, with the company's release of its first state guide—Time Out California— which features a new set of "Disc Drive" sidebars that will appear in future books and provide travelers with suggestions for music to listen to on the road.
The target audience for the guides, says U.S. marketing and publicity manager Rosella Albanese, is "anyone that's really into getting a local experience when they travel, the culturally savvy reader. The writing is very quick-witted and fun." Most Time Out Guides are updated every two years, but like most publishers, key destinations get an annual once-over. Albanese is pleased with the positive impact on sales that resulted from the company's shift in distribution to PGW in September. And she's looking for an additional increase in exposure in late March with the launch of the company's newest magazine, Time Out Chicago.
While Time Out is hip and urban, Rick Steves' Guides concentrate on practical information for visiting Europe. Avalon's Newlin characterizes his house's collaboration with Steves, which began when Avalon acquired publisher John Muir in early 2000, as "very gratifying. We have every expectation of being their long-time partner." The two groups work together so closely that it's no coincidence that Steves's publicist was with Avalon. In recent years, the Steves brand, which concentrates exclusively on European destinations, has gained recognition far beyond the West Coast, where his 60-person organization is based. When Globe Corner hosted an event with Steves in December, "we were a little surprised by the rock-star status he has among the travel audience," says Carrier. "Steves appeals to a very specific type of traveler, someone who wants an itinerary-driven trip."
Like all travel brands, the key to success involves developing trust. One way Steves does that is through his travel tour operation; another is by updating his guidebooks every year. Newlin acknowledges that Steves's hands-on involvement does have one drawback: "It limits us to destinations that can sustain that level of sales." That hasn't, however, stopped Avalon from extending the Steves line. This spring, the publisher will introduce Rick Steves' Planning Maps. Newlin expects to publish about five or six to start, beginning with maps of France, Italy and Britain/Ireland.
In addition to the tours, PBS viewers can meet Steves through his TV series, which he has produced himself for the past five years. (Past shows are available on DVD.) Recently, Steves has begun ramping up his publicity in other ways. Last summer, he was profiled in the New York Times Magazine, and he's scheduled to appear next month on 60 Minutes II. Steves maintains an active e-mail list of 175,000 names and also writes a column several times a year for USA Today. Earlier this month, he began taping for a new project, the radio show Travel with Rick Steves, which will air in the Seattle market. He hopes to syndicate it nationally later this year. Steves also maintains a very active Web site (www.ricksteves.com) with a bulletin board.
Ultimately, however, the success of Steves, Fodor's, Lonely Planet and other guides depends on the trust, accuracy and timeliness of each brand. Marketing promotions with retailers both online and off play a role, as do ongoing revisions of covers, artwork and type. As always, what each brand offers is a chance to help travelers explore a new place and experience another culture, from Alaska to Zanzibar and all points in between.
Travel Forecast Summary
Year | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Measurement | |||
Total Travel Expenditures in the U.S. ($ Billions) | 592.6 | 624.1 | 652.9 |
U.S. Residents | 520.9 | 546.9 | 570.4 |
International Visitors** | 71.7 | 77.2 | 82.4 |
Total International Visitors to the U.S. (Millions) | 43.3 | 45.4 | 47.6 |
Total Domestic Person-Trips*** (Millions) | 1,174.5 | 1,198.0 | 1,218.4 |
Percent Change from Prior Year Total Travel Expenditures in the U.S. (%) | 6.9 | 5.3 | 4.6 |
U.S. Residents | 6.3 | 5.0 | 4.3 |
International Visitors** | 11.2 | 7.6 | 6.8 |
Total International Visitors to the U.S. (%) | 7.5 | 4.8 | 4.5 |
Total Domestic Person-Trips*** (%) | 3.0 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
Sources: TIA's Travel Forecast Model; TIA's TravelScrope®; Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce. **Excludes international visitors' spending on traveling to the U.S. on U.S. flag carriers and other misc. transportation. ***One person on one trip 50 miles or more, one way, away from home or including one or more nights away from home. |
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